China's senior citizens flock back to school

"More and more people are applying for the elderly universities. The annual growth rate of applicants is around 10 percent," said Xiong Fangjie, the vice chancellor of the Shanghai University for the Elderly, the largest elderly institution in the city. The college has more than 18,000 students on its main campus and another 60,000 students across its 24 branches.

According to Xiong, the school accepts women aged over 50 and men over 60, with no limitation on their registered permanent residences. About 80 percent of the students have at least a high school education. Students usually spend no more than eight years before graduating.

Established in 1985, the Shanghai University for the Elderly now has 10 departments, including calligraphy and painting, foreign languages, piano, computers and literature. It offers 40 majors, 179 courses, and 460 classes for students.

"There are two options for the seniors－applying for the associate degree that is equivalent to a college degree, or applying for an amateur major that will allow them to graduate as honors students. Most people choose the amateur one," said Xiong.

The amateur major requires students to complete 12 core courses, 11 elective courses, and one social practice course. Each course is worth four credits, and a student will be able to graduate with 96 credits.

While options for the amateur majors are plenty, the associate degree programs comprise only four majors－piano, vocal music, sports and health care, and photography and camera technology－and have stricter requirements for completion.

Zhang Yanqing, 72, is among the students in the amateur major course. She said that she chose this over the associate degree as it offers her a chance to learn more. "A degree is not necessary for someone of my age. The most important thing for me is to pick up knowledge from different areas," she said.

"I knew little about cooking when I was young, but now I can cook for my husband delicious dim sum and dessert. My needlework has also improved. I can make pants and dresses for myself."

Mao Jiemin, a calligraphy teacher who has been teaching at the Shanghai University for the Elderly since 1988, said that he prefers teaching retirees instead of young students because the former are so much more eager to learn.

"The elderly are very different from the young students. They are thirsty for new knowledge and skills," Mao said.

As schools for retirees are run as charitable institutions and are mostly government-funded, the average tuition fee costs only about 200 yuan ($31) per semester. It would cost an elderly about 5,000 yuan to complete a course and graduate. But for many of the students, graduating is hardly on their minds.

"Many students want to apply for more courses because the school is like the second home to them," Xiong explained.

"The university is a good platform for elderly people to socialize with one another. Many of them are alone at home because their family members are at work during the day."

In fact, some elderly students even resort to enrolling in another university after they graduate just so they could continue to meet new people, said Xiong.

This cycle of learning has exacerbated the imbalance in demand and supply.

Lin Yuanhe, vice chairman of the China Association of the Universities for the Aged, said that the situation is expected to improve as more learning centers for seniors have been included in China's development plan which aims to have at least one university for the elderly in every county by 2020.