Trump's demand raises concerns

The forced sale of US arm of video-sharing app TikTok could have negative implications on foreign investment in the United States, and US President Donald Trump's demand for a government cut from a potential deal could set a dangerous precedent, trade experts have said.

After threatening on Friday to ban the short-form video platform from the US, citing national security concerns over user data－which TikTok's Chinese parent ByteDance has denied－Trump warned on Monday that TikTok would be shut down on Sept 15 unless Microsoft or another "very American" company purchased it.

He also said that any sale of TikTok's American operations would have to include a "substantial portion" of the proceeds going to the US Treasury.

Hal Singer, an antitrust expert and managing director at consulting firm Econ One Research, cautioned that the transaction could be problematic.

"The bigger problem is that, going forward, foreign investors might be reluctant to invest in the US if a president, on a whim, can zap the value of their investments by forcing a fire sale to US incumbents," Singer said on Twitter on Tuesday. "We need guardrails here."

Gary Hufbauer, a senior fellow and trade expert at the Peterson Institute for International Economics in Washington, said the whole saga is "ridiculous".

"There is no reason to deny TikTok access to US consumers," Hufbauer said of the popular app, which has 100 million users in the US.

No justification

"Trump's demand that TikTok or Microsoft should pay the US Treasury ransom for the forced transaction has no justification," Hufbauer said.

TikTok was under scrutiny by the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States－an interagency panel chaired by the Treasury secretary that studies mergers for national security reasons－for its acquisition of another video app, Musical.ly, in 2017, according to US media reports.

Hufbauer said that by using the CFIUS mechanism, Trump can legally force TikTok to divest.

"But this is a huge departure from the norms of a market economy," Hufbauer said.

Employees and management of ByteDance were heavily criticized on Chinese social media for entering into talks with Microsoft to sell TikTok's US operations, and a Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson has called the forced transaction "outright bullying".

"Chinese reactions are fully justified," Hufbauer said. "Microsoft needs to deal in a respectful manner to maintain its reputation for fair dealing in China."

The acquisition could be a boon to Microsoft's business, giving it 100 million mostly young users to bolster its consumer-facing operations. But the pursuit of TikTok has put the software giant at the center of the US-China firestorm, The Wall Street Journal reported Tuesday.

An op-ed in the journal on Monday said that if the transaction proposal is serious and deemed legal, "it would set a dangerous precedent for the seizure of foreign businesses through regulatory fiat, and open the door for US firms to suffer the same treatment".

Eswar Prasad, a professor of trade policy at Cornell University, said it is remarkable for a US administration to tie approval of a commercial transaction to an explicit payoff to the US government.

"There is no obvious legal basis for such a demand, particularly since there are no antitrust or other issues at play in this transaction," Prasad, also a former chief of the International Monetary Fund's China Division, said.

Creating new norms

The Trump administration seems to be creating new norms for approval of business transactions that stretch the boundaries of the existing US legal framework, Prasad said.

"This particular demand could set a dangerous precedent in which the government entangles itself in commercial transactions that do not represent emergency bailouts or other exceptional circumstances," he said.

White House economic adviser Larry Kudlow seemed to walk back how the US government would get a portion of the proceeds from any sale of TikTok's US operations.

"There's no specific blueprint here," Kudlow said on Fox Business Network on Tuesday. "It may be that the president was thinking, because the Treasury has had to do so much work on this, there are a lot of options here. I'm not sure it's a specific concept that will be followed through.... Regarding fees or anything like that, all that remains to be seen."