According to Huyan Qiang, director of the theater, Shaanbei storytelling dates back to the Western Zhou Dynasty (c. 11th century-771 BC). The major characteristics of the art form include its dialect, instruments and techniques.
For example, besides the sanxian, storytellers also use the pipa (a four-stringed Chinese lute), shuaiban, and mazhazha in their performances. The shuaiban is a clapper, an essential part of the performance, and is attached to the performer's left leg. It is played by tapping the left heel, usually in fast tempo. Like the shuaiban, the mazhazha is also a rhythmic instrument but is attached to the performer's right wrist. As they pluck the strings of the sanxian or pipa, it produces sounds to draw the audience's attention.
"The performers tell stories in a dramatic, highly expressive manner, using different vocal techniques, gestures, and sometimes physical props to engage the audience. The stories focus on historical figures or popular folklore, ranging from tales of everyday life to major events," says Huyan.
He Lianshan became intrigued with Shaanbei storytelling when he was a teenager. He attended many performances in informal community settings, such as village gatherings, markets and temple fairs, which allowed him to engage directly with the performers. His favorite stories are from the classic novel Journey to the West. After watching a performance, He would imitate the performers and retell the stories at home.
