The People's Congress system is China's fundamental political system. The Constitution stipulates that all power in the People's Republic of China belongs to the people and the organs through which the people exercise state power are the National People's Congress and the local people's congresses. They are established through democratic elections.

The state's administrative, judicial and procuratorial bodies are created by, are responsible to and are supervised by the people's congresses. The National People's Congress is the highest organ of state power. It is composed of deputies elected from the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government together with deputies elected by the armed forces. All ethnic minorities are entitled to appropriate representation.