Happy, healthy and herbal

"Medicines given by doctor are for curing diseases, while herbs we put in the soup are supplements," says Long.

"Strictly speaking, we choose herbs that can be used both as Chinese traditional medicine and food for herbal cuisine, such as Chinese yam and longan," he says.

Long has been a Chinese chef for more than 20 years and he specializes in Chinese herbal cuisine. He says that for the weak and old, food therapy provides a good choice to speed up recovery or recuperation.

The types of herbal cuisines vary in different seasons as well. In the cooler seasons of autumn and winter, people may need warmth inside to help resist the cold. But in summer, people like to drink herbal tea made of chrysanthemum and licorice to eliminate the heat inside, or treat sore throats.

Some more frequently used herbs include ginseng, Chinese angelica, and Chinese yam, all of which have mild medicinal effects.

These herbs would be cooked with other ingredients such as vegetables or chicken, simmered for at least five hours to better help the nutritious elements fuse into the soup.

Long says chefs have to consult medical professionals about the right nutrition and functions before cooking herbal cuisines.

"We have to be careful," he says. "Some herbs and food are not supposed to be together, otherwise it may induce discomfort."

For example, he says, if sweet potatoes and persimmons are cooked or eaten together, it may induce gastrolithiasis, the presence of calcified stones in the stomach.

At Traders Hotel, which has been serving Chinese herbal cuisine since 2009, the chef says the most popular dish is "double boiled abalone with Chinese yam".

"Chinese yam is a typical herbal ingredient. It is good for the kidney and helps to warm you up in the winter. It can also aid digestion, and lower blood sugar."

He also recommends this soup to Westerners, who are used to taking cold sandwiches and chilled drinks during winter.

Not only the elderly, but young people these days are showing an increased interest in herbal cuisine.

Health, wealth and vegetables

Zhang Yuan, 26, an engineer in Beijing, likes to cook chicken soup every week. She uses typical herbs such as ginseng, wolfberry and sweet milk vetch (huangqi or astragalus) in the soup. She learnt how to cook it from her parents.

"I used to be quite skinny a few years ago, but I am fit now, thanks to the chicken soup," says Zhang. "Besides, I also enjoy the cooking."

For novices, it is still better to consult a doctor before cooking herbs at home.

Li Zhong, a TCM doctor with Beijing Dongzhimen Hospital, says: "When cooking at home, the amount of herbs used every time should be less than 15 grams and ingredients should also vary according to who you are cooking for."

For some, like teenagers, even ginseng may be too strong. "They should understand their own physical conditions and the effects of each herb first. When cooking, they can start by putting in small amounts of the herbs, in case there are any side effects."

Li emphasizes that herbs in cooking can never replace medical treatment or necessary exercise, and people should choose herbs that are best for them, not just expensive ones such as the extravagantly expensive Chinese cordyceps.

Contact the writer at linjingcd@chinadaily.com.cn