Murder, rape, guns - gridiron's rap sheet

NFL tarnished by a number of high-profile cases

Murder, rape, domestic violence, weapons charges, drug crime and animal cruelty: National Football League stars past and present have accumulated an ever-lengthening rap sheet over the years.

For some, the murder conviction of former New England Patriots star Aaron Hernandez on Wednesday confirms the view that American football is the red light district of professional sport.

Others point to figures that indicate a "crime problem" in the NFL is not as clear cut as the stream of lurid headlines suggests.

The case of Hernandez, who also faces murder charges for the killing of two men in 2012, is just the latest in a long line to tarnish the image of the NFL.

Former Baltimore Ravens star Ray Lewis was accused of the murder of two men stabbed to death outside a nightclub in 2000 before the charges were dropped when he pleaded guilty to obstruction of justice.

Star running back O.J. Simpson was acquitted of the 1994 murder of his ex-wife and her friend and today sits in a Nevada prison after being convicted of armed robbery and kidnapping in 2008.

In 2007, Atlanta Falcons star Michael Vick was sent to prison after pleading guilty to running a dog-fighting ring which involved horrific cruelty.

Last year, the NFL was rocked by a scandal after former Baltimore Ravens running back Ray Rice was suspended for punching his then-fiance unconscious in an elevator.

The case was the most prominent of several involving domestic violence, and prompted criticism that the sport's managers were not doing enough to tackle the problem.

Minnesota Vikings star Adrian Peterson was suspended for almost the entire 2014 season after being charged with child abuse for beating his son with a tree branch.

He was later fined and placed on probation after pleading no contest.

Retired 2010 Super Bowl winner Darren Sharper, meanwhile, was jailed earlier this year after admitting multiple counts of rape against women in California, Arizona, Nevada and Louisiana.

Problem with crime?

So does the NFL have a crime problem? Available statistics suggest it is not that simple.

A database of arrests involving NFL players compiled by USA Today has logged 790 cases dating back to 2000.

Brent Schrotenboer, the journalist who created the database, notes the overall crime rate is about 2 percent, compared with about 4 percent for the general population.

"I would not say that the NFL has a crime epidemic as such," Schrotenboer said, noting that many of the cases involve drunk-driving offenses.

"These are young men who like to party and have a lot of money."

The number of reported cases involving NFL players was also likely to be higher compared to other sports by virtue of the fact that NFL rosters of between 60-90 players are vastly bigger than baseball and basketball.

Analysis by the statistics-crunching website FiveThirtyEight.com also found that arrest rates among NFL players were low compared to US national averages for men in a similar age range.

Overall, NFL players' arrest rate was 13 percent of the national average. Gun-related, non-violent crimes tracked at 45.2 percent, while sex offenses came in at 38.2 percent of the national average.

Domestic violence scored as the NFL's worst category, with an arrest rate of 55.4 percent of the average.

Jeff Benedict, author of the 1998 book Pros and Cons, which spotlighted criminal cases in American football, believes players accused of crimes are often shaped by their environment before they arrive in the NFL.

Hernandez, who had numerous run-ins with the law during his college football career at the University of Florida, was typical of the problem.

"It's not often that a player in the NFL just suddenly goes bad one day and goes off the rails," Benedict told the Only a Game program on the National Public Radio in the US.

While there many success stories of players from troubled backgrounds who flourish in the NFL, there were many whose fortunes "go south", Benedict said.

"One of the reasons for that is that the NFL gives these guys three things that are very dangerous. Number one: a lot of money. Number two: a lot of discretionary time, and number three an incredible amount of adulation.

"When you put those things together for a guy who has had trouble in the past, that can be a formula for big problems in the NFL."