《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》2015年最值得閱讀的書(shū)

近日，《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》推出了"2015年度好書(shū)"。這份長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的書(shū)單涵蓋種類(lèi)豐富，從時(shí)政、經(jīng)濟(jì)、科技到歷史、文學(xué)皆有涉足。下面讓我們一起看看今年上榜好書(shū)都有哪些：

政治時(shí)事

《近鄰遠(yuǎn)鄰：蘇聯(lián)情報(bào)新史》Near and Distant Neighbours: A New History of Soviet Intelligence
作者：Jonathan Haslam

A detailed appraisal of how the Soviet Union handled undercover operations from the communist revolution in 1917 until the end of the cold war. The most gripping chapters focus on the chaos that was unleashed by Josef Stalin.
詳盡評(píng)價(jià)了蘇聯(lián)自1917年革命到冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束期間在秘密戰(zhàn)線的行動(dòng)，最扣人心弦的篇章斯大林制造的混亂。

《我們的孩子：危機(jī)中的美國(guó)夢(mèng)》Our Kids: The American Dream in Crisis
作者：Robert Putnam

The most important divide in America today is class, not race, and the place where it matters most is in the home. In a thoughtful and persuasive book, the former dean of Harvard's Kennedy School of Government analyses the growing gulf between how the rich and the poor raise their children, adding a liberal voice to long-standing conservative complaints about family breakdown.
今天美國(guó)最重要的鴻溝是階級(jí)而非種族，最要緊的地方是家里。在這部思想深刻、令人信服的作品中，哈佛大學(xué)肯尼迪政府學(xué)院的前主任分析了窮人富人怎樣撫養(yǎng)孩子時(shí)日益增大的差距。保守主義者長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)對(duì)家庭分崩抱怨不斷，這部作品增加了自由主義的聲音。

《朝鮮秘聞：私人市場(chǎng)、時(shí)尚潮流、勞改營(yíng)、異見(jiàn)者與叛國(guó)者》North Korea Confidential: Private Markets, Fashion Trends, Prison Camps, Dissenters and Defectors
作者：Daniel Tudor and James Pearson

Two knowledgeable journalists offer a bird's-eye view of everyday life that teases out how the famine of the 1990s prompted unexpected change in the attitudes, governance and lives of ordinary North Koreans, giving the lie to the simplistic view that Koreans are a homogenous people under the thumb of a power-crazed dictator.
兩位博聞強(qiáng)識(shí)的作者通觀日常生活，找出上世紀(jì)九十年代的饑荒如何讓普通朝鮮人的生活態(tài)度、政府治理和生活發(fā)生不期的變化，人們以為朝鮮人是一個(gè)嗜權(quán)獨(dú)裁者股掌中的同質(zhì)人，這一簡(jiǎn)單看法被證明是謊言。

《貧民窟：調(diào)查謀殺潮》Ghettoside: Investigating a Homicide Epidemic
作者：Jill Leovy

Black men are still dying at alarming rates in the toughest urban pockets even though, overall, America's murder rate is down. A study of one neighbourhood in Los Angeles has the power to change how people think about policing in America.
盡管美國(guó)謀殺率整體下降，但最?lèi)毫拥某鞘协h(huán)境中，黑人還是以驚人的速度死去。對(duì)洛杉磯一個(gè)社區(qū)的研究將改變?nèi)藗儗?duì)美國(guó)警察執(zhí)法的看法。

《曾經(jīng)輝煌：底特律往事》Once in a Great City: A Detroit Story
作者：David Maraniss

One of America's finest non-fiction writers, a son of Detroit, offers a lively and meticulously researched account of how the city, once the engine room of America, began sputtering.
生于底特律的Maraniss是美國(guó)最好的非虛構(gòu)作家，他詳盡、栩栩如生地描述了這個(gè)曾經(jīng)是美國(guó)引擎的城市如何開(kāi)始分崩離析。

歷史

《長(zhǎng)崎：核劫余生》Nagasaki: Life after Nuclear War
作者：Susan Southard

The searing account of five teenage hibakusha ("explosion-affected people"): how they survived the atom bomb that was dropped on Nagasaki in 1945, and the terrible price they paid in the aftermath of the war.
五個(gè)"受輻射"少年的經(jīng)歷令人心碎，1945年原子彈落在長(zhǎng)崎后，他們?cè)趺椿钕聛?lái)的？他們?cè)趹?zhàn)后付出了巨大的代價(jià)。

《滑鐵盧：四天三軍三戰(zhàn)史》Waterloo: The History of Four Days, Three Armies and Three Battles
作者：Bernard Cornwell

A great and terrible story of a battle that was fought 200 years ago, told with energy and clarity by a writer who has a deep understanding of men in combat and why they do what they do. "Waterloo" proves that Bernard Cornwell's non-fiction is as fine as his novels, if not finer.
200年前的偉大戰(zhàn)斗，如此磅礴、清晰。作者對(duì)戰(zhàn)斗中的人和動(dòng)機(jī)有著深刻的理解。《滑鐵盧》證明Cornwell非虛構(gòu)作品的功力不輸于虛構(gòu)作品。

《奧斯曼衰亡：中東大戰(zhàn)》The Fall of the Ottomans: The Great War in the Middle East
作者：Eugene Rogan

How a multinational Muslim empire was destroyed by the first world war, by a historian of the 20th century who is director of the Middle East Centre at Oxford University.
一個(gè)橫跨多國(guó)的穆斯林帝國(guó)如何在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)中毀滅？劍橋大學(xué)中東中心主任娓娓道來(lái)。

《黑土地：作為歷史和警示的大屠殺》Black Earth: The Holocaust as History and Warning
作者：Timothy Snyder

A historian at Yale University has made a detailed study of where Jews were in most danger during the second world war. In France and Italy, three-quarters of the Jews survived. In eastern territories, which suffered "double occupation", first by the Soviets and then by the Nazis, at least 90% of them perished.
耶魯大學(xué)歷史學(xué)家詳盡研究了二戰(zhàn)中哪里的猶太人最危險(xiǎn)。在法國(guó)和意大利，四分之三的猶太人存活了下來(lái)。在東部戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)，被蘇聯(lián)和納粹雙重占領(lǐng)的地區(qū)，至少90%的猶太人死亡。

《元老院與市民：古羅馬史》SPQR: A History of Ancient Rome
作者：Mary Beard

A masterly new chronicle, by Britain's most engaging historian of the ancient world, about Rome from its myth-shrouded origins to the early third century. She shows that the key to its dominance was granting citizenship to so many people.
一部了不起的新編年史，英國(guó)最出色的古代史學(xué)家從羅馬的神秘起源講到三世紀(jì)早期。她證明統(tǒng)治的關(guān)鍵是給予更多人公民權(quán)。

《棉花帝國(guó)》Empire of Cotton: A Global History
作者：Sven Beckert

By focusing on a sector that until 1900 was the world's most important manufacturing industry, Sven Beckert offers a fine account of 900 years of globalisation.
直到1900年，棉花都是世界上最重要的制造產(chǎn)業(yè)，作者專(zhuān)注于其900年的全球化歷史。

《眼睛聽(tīng)到什么？踢踏舞的歷史》What the Eye Hears: A History of Tap Dancing
作者：Brian Seibert

How tap-dancing entertained many, even as it had clear racist overtones. An engaging, warts-and-all history of one of America's greatest creative inventions by a dance critic at the New York Times.
踢踏舞如何娛樂(lè)人民，盡管它有著顯著的種族主義意味，這是《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》舞評(píng)家對(duì)美國(guó)最偉大創(chuàng)造毫無(wú)保留的精彩敘述。

《撲火：沙皇俄羅斯的帝國(guó)、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與終結(jié)》Towards the Flame: Empire, War and the End of Tsarist Russia
作者：Dominic Lieven

How Russia went to war. A gripping, poignant and in some respects revolutionary contribution to European history by a distinguished British scholar who is descended from several of the protagonists he describes.
俄國(guó)人如何參戰(zhàn)。出色的英國(guó)學(xué)者對(duì)幾個(gè)主人公的描寫(xiě)，給歐洲史帶來(lái)引人入勝、尖銳甚至革命性的貢獻(xiàn)。