普京奇特的“槍手步態”與克格勃武器訓練有關

A team of European neurologists says in a new study that Russian president Vladimir Putin walks with a peculiar “gunslinger’s gait”.
歐洲一神經學家團隊在一項新研究中稱俄羅斯總統普京走路時帶有一種奇特的“槍手步態”。

The study, published on Tuesday by the British Medical Journal, notes that Putin has shown a “clearly reduced right-sided arm swing”, possibly related to weapons training he received when he was part of the Soviet KGB.
周二，這份發表在《英國醫學雜志》周刊的報告稱“顯然，普京的右臂擺動少”，這可能與普京在前蘇聯克格勃接受過武器訓練有關。

Citing a KGB training manual they obtained, the researchers suggest that his style of walking is linked to training he underwent in the feared security agency, where he rose to the rank of lieutenant colonel before retiring at the twilight of the Soviet Union.
普京在前蘇聯時期為克格勃工作，退休前曾晉升中校軍銜。通過研究克格勃使用的訓練手冊，研究人員認為普京的走路方式與他在情報安全機構接受的培訓有關。

“According to this manual, KGB operatives were instructed to keep their weapon in their right hand close to their chest and to move forward with one side, usually the left, presumably allowing subjects to draw the gun as quickly as possible when confronted with a foe,” the researchers, based in Portugal, Italy, and the Netherlands, wrote.
來自葡萄牙、意大利和荷蘭的研究者們共同寫道，“這本訓練手冊指示克格勃特工將武器放在右手靠近胸部，在走路時將身體的一側，通常是左側，略微轉向前進方向，以便遇到敵人時能盡快拔出槍”。

To test their hypothesis, the neurologists studied YouTube videos of other Russian officials.
為了驗證他們的設想，神經學家們還研究了YouTube上其他俄羅斯官員走路的視頻。

Bastiaan Bloem, a professor of movement disorder neurology at Radboud University Medical Centre in Nijmegen, the Netherlands, who led the study, said his team was “stunned” by what they saw.
領導這項研究工作的荷蘭奈梅亨大學醫學中心運動障礙神經學教授巴斯蒂安·布盧姆說，他們被所看到的一切“驚呆”了。

They found the same characteristic walk in Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev, in former Russian defense minister Anatoly Serdyukov and Sergei Ivanov, and in senior Russian military commander Anatoly Sidorov.
他們在俄羅斯總理梅德韋杰夫、兩位前國防部長阿納托利·謝爾久科夫和謝爾蓋·伊萬諾夫、高級軍事指揮官阿納托利·西多羅夫身上也發現了這種獨特的走路方式。

Like Putin, Ivanov is a former KGB officer who served in Europe during the Cold War. Serdyukov and Sidorov both received military training, the researchers claim.
研究人員稱，普京和伊萬諾夫都是冷戰時期在歐洲服役的前克格勃官員。謝爾久科夫和西多羅夫則受過軍事訓練。

The outlier in this group is Medvedev, a lawyer by training who has no clear ties to the KGB and did not serve in the military, though he is thought to have undergone brief reservist training during his university years.
而梅德韋杰夫是律師出身，盡管在大學期間曾有過短暫的后備軍訓練，但他似乎與軍隊和克格勃都沒有明顯的聯系。

Since Putin handpicked him to serve as president from 2008-12 – between Putin’s second and fourth terms – Medvedev’s body language has often resembled that of his mentor, as has the cadence of his speech.
梅德韋杰夫由普京親自挑選任職2008年至2012年的俄羅斯第三任總統，而普金任職第二任和第四任俄羅斯總統——梅德韋杰夫的肢體語言與他的導師普京很相似，演講也是抑揚頓挫。

Citing western media reports, the researchers write that “substantial evidence suggests that Medvedev is being coached to sound, look, and importantly, walk like the president.”
援引了西方媒體報道，調查人員寫道“大量證據表明，梅德韋杰夫無論在聲音、面貌，尤其是走路姿勢上，都在模仿普京總統。”

The study asserts that Putin’s asymmetrical arm swing is likely “a behavioural adaptation resulting from military or intelligence training.”
該研究稱普京擺臂不對稱可能“因軍事或情報訓練造成的”。

Bloem conceded that his researchers do not have access to Putin’s medical records or his doctors. But he said Putin’s unusual walk is the subject of a small but growing debate among medical specialists.
布盧姆承認他的研究人員無法探訪到普京的醫療記錄或醫生。但他說普京不同尋常的走路姿勢引起了越來越多醫學專家的爭論。

“It is an unusual study, but there is a very serious message to it” about neurological observation, he told AFP in a telephone interview.
他在法新社的電話采訪中說，“這是一個不尋常的研究，但對神經學觀察有很重要的意義”。

Bloem added that Putin’s “abnormal gait has been noted before.”
布盧姆補充道普京“非比尋常的走路姿勢以前就已經注意到了。”

“What we are putting forward, but very cautiously, is a new hypothesis,” he said.
他說：“我們提出的是一個很謹慎的、新的假設。”

Vocabulary

gunslinger: 槍手
outlier: 局外人
cadence: 節奏；韻律；抑揚頓挫

英文來源：衛報
譯者：張卉
審校&編輯：丹妮