美國數名議員提議退出聯合國

本月初，美國數名眾議員發起了一項要求美國退出聯合國的法案。法案要求終止美國的聯合國會員資格，并實際切斷與該組織的一切聯系。特朗普就職后，法案動向引起全球廣泛關注。因為特朗普曾表示，聯合國不但沒解決問題，還制造問題。如果不能發揮既定功能，就是浪費時間和金錢。

A bill introduced by Alabama Rep. Mike Rogers earlier this month calls on the US to "terminate" its membership in the United Nations and effectively sever all ties with the organization.
阿拉巴馬州眾議員麥克?羅杰斯本月初提交了一份議案，呼吁美國“終止”其聯合國成員國身份，并實際切斷與該組織的一切聯系。

The bill, titled the American Sovereignty Restoration Act of 2017, was proposed on January 3. It is cosponsored by a handful of Republican lawmakers, including North Carolina Rep. Walter Jones, Arizona Rep. Andy Biggs, Missouri Rep. Jason Smith, Kentucky Rep. Thomas Massie, Tennessee Rep. John Duncan Jr., and Florida Rep. Matt Gaetz.
《2017年美國主權重建法案》于1月3日被提出，由北卡羅萊納州眾議員沃爾特?瓊斯、亞利桑那州眾議員安迪?比格斯、密蘇里州眾議員賈森?史密斯、肯塔基州托馬斯?梅西、田納西州眾議員小約翰?鄧肯、佛羅里達州眾議員馬特?蓋茲等幾名共和黨議員共同發起。

Biggs said in a statement on Monday that he cosponsored the bill because he believes that "our sovereignty as a country is harmed by our membership in this body."
比格斯23日在一份聲明中表示，他發起這項法案是因為他認為“美國的聯合國成員國身份損害了我們的國家主權”。

The bill proposes barring the US from committing funds or troops to UN peacekeeping operations worldwide and stipulates that the UN must vacate property owned by the US government. It would repeal the 1973 Environment Program Participation Act, strip UN employees of diplomatic immunity in the US, and repeal the US's membership and participation in the World Health Organization.
該法案提出禁止美國向聯合國的全球維和行動提供資金或軍力，還明確要求聯合國搬出歸美國政府所有的房產。法案將廢除《1973年環境規劃參與法》，取消聯合國雇員在美國的外交豁免權，并停止參與世界衛生組織，廢除美國在該組織的成員國身份。

The bill's language is strong, and it's an extreme long shot to garner the necessary support to pass the House and move on to the Senate.
該法案立場強硬，很難在眾議院獲得必需的支持并遞交至參議院。

President Donald Trump has characterized the UN as "just a club for people to get together, talk, and have a good time" and promised that relations between the US and the UN "will be different" during his presidency.
特朗普將聯合國描述為“一個讓人們聚在一起聊天、享受美好時光的俱樂部”，他承諾在其任內美國與聯合國的關系“將有所不同”。

Trump's criticism of the organization came after the UN Security Council passed a resolution in late December calling on Israel to halt building settlements on occupied Palestinian land. Trump, along with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, urged the US to vote against the resolution, which was sponsored by Egypt. But the US ultimately abstained, and the resolution passed.
聯合國安理會去年12月底通過決議要求以色列停止在巴勒斯坦被占領土上建造定居點，這一決議遭到特朗普的抨擊。特朗普和以色列總理本雅明?內塔尼亞胡敦促美國對埃及發起的決議投反對票。但是美國最終投了棄權票，而該決議獲得通過。

Many Republican lawmakers have accused the UN of having an "anti-Israel" bias that aims to isolate and weaken the Jewish state. Arizona Sen. John McCain said the UN vote marked "another shameful chapter in the bizarre anti-Israel history of the United Nations." House Speaker Paul Ryan called the vote "absolutely shameful" and vowed that "our unified Republican government" would work to reverse the resolution.
多位共和黨議員指責聯合國存在“反以色列”偏見，想要孤立和削弱以色列。亞利桑那州參議員約翰?麥凱恩稱，這次的投票在“聯合國不尋常的‘反以’歷史上寫下了另一可恥篇章”，眾議院議長保羅?萊恩稱這次投票“完全是可恥的”，并承諾“統一的共和黨政府”將努力扭轉該項決議。

Few, if any, mainstream Republican lawmakers have gone as far as to advocate a full withdrawal of the US from the UN.
沒有主流共和黨議員開始主張美國從聯合國全面退出，如果有的話也是少數。

But some have said they would support defunding the organization, which received $594 million - roughly 22% of its total budget - from the US in 2016.
但有些議員表示，他們會支持取消對該組織的資助。2016年，聯合國從美國獲得的資助為5.94億美元，大約占其總預算的22%。

Earlier this month, BuzzFeed reported that the House Freedom Caucus was drafting a bill, proposed by South Carolina Sen. Lindsey Graham, to sever financial ties with the organization. Republican Sens. Tom Cotton, Ted Cruz, and McCain said that they would support the initiative.
據BuzzFeed本月早些時候報道，眾議院自由派核心議員正在起草一份終止與聯合國財務關系的法案，該法案由南卡羅萊納州參議員林賽?格雷厄姆提出。共和黨參議員湯姆?戈登，泰德?科魯茲以及麥凱恩表示他們會支持這一計劃。

"I anticipate this vote will create a backlash in Congress against the United Nations," Graham said in a statement shortly after the Israel resolution passed. "The United Nations will regret this vote and I hope the Obama administration will realize the massive mistake they made on their way out of the door."
格雷厄姆在以色列決議通過后不久發表了一份聲明，他稱：“我希望這次投票能夠引起國會對聯合國的強烈反對。聯合國將對這次投票感到遺憾，我希望奧巴馬政府能夠意識到他們在外交方面犯下的巨大錯誤。”

Nikki Haley, Trump's pick to replace Samantha Power as the US ambassador to the UN, said during her Senate confirmation hearing last week that the UN is a body that is "often at odds with American national interests," and called the US's decision to abstain from the Israel vote "a terrible mistake."
特朗普任命妮基?哈蕾接替薩曼莎?鮑爾出任美國駐聯合國大使，哈蕾上周在參議院聽證會上稱，聯合國是一個“經常與美國的國家利益相左”的組織，并稱美國對以色列投棄權票是“一個可怕的錯誤”。

She said that while the US should reexamine its "disproportionate" financial contribution to the UN, she doesn't think there should be "a slash and burn" of the US's support for the organization.
她說，雖然美國應該重新審視對聯合國“不成比例”的財務貢獻，但她不認為美國應“大幅削減”對聯合國的支持。

英文來源：商業內幕網
翻譯&編輯：董靜
審校：丹妮