West aims to minimise nuclear bomb risk

KEY QUESTION

"The key question for us is what kind of breakout time we can accept," said a diplomat on one of the six powers' negotiating teams, speaking on condition of anonymity.

Extending that "breakout time", experts and diplomats say, means Iran would have to restrict enriching uranium to a low fissile concentration, stop a large number of its centrifuges now used for such work, limit nuclear research, and submit to highly intrusive monitoring by UN inspectors.

Ahead of the February 18 start of the talks in Vienna, a defiant President Hassan Rouhani pledged that peaceful atomic research would be pursued "forever".

Tehran wants an end to the sanctions that have battered its economy, mainly US and European Union bans on its oil sales. Western states are wary of giving up this leverage too soon.

"They are going to start this negotiation very far apart and it's hard to speculate on what the end state's going to be," Robert Einhorn, a former top US State Department official on Iran, said last month.

"But to be acceptable to the United States, Iran for a substantial amount of time ... is going to have to live with a very limited enrichment capacity."

The talks coordinated by European Union foreign policy chief Catherine Ashton aim to build on a deal last November under which Iran agreed to halt some of its most sensitive work for six months, in return for modest sanctions relief.

That accord, made possible with last year's election of Rouhani on a platform to ease Iran's international isolation, was designed to give the sides confidence that a broad agreement is possible. It left the biggest challenges for later.