研究：交通噪聲縮短壽命？

Between 2003 and 2010, a total of 442,560 adults from the study population died from all causes, of whom 291,139 were elderly.
2003至2010年期間，研究調查對象中有 442,560名成年人因各種原因死亡，其中291,139名為老年人。

The scientists looked levels of road traffic noise between 7am and 11pm, and at night between 11pm and 7am, across a range of different postcodes and correlated their findings with death and hospital admission rates. A number of factors - including individuals' age and sex as well as ethnicity, smoking levels, air pollution and socio-economic deprivation - were taken into account.
科學家研究了多個郵政區域7:00至23:00，以及23:00至次日07:00的道路交通噪音水平，并將其調查結果與死亡率及入院率相互聯系起來。個人年齡、性別、種族，吸煙強度、空氣污染和社會經濟困境等多種因素均考慮在內。

Commenting on the findings, Professor Francesco Cappuccio, chair of Cardiovascular Medicine and Epidemiology at the University of Warwick, said: 'The results do not imply a direct cause-effect relationship. However, they are consistent with other evidence to suggest a possible causal link.'
針對研究結果，華威大學（University of Warwick）心血管醫學和流行病學主席、教授弗朗西斯科·卡普喬（Francesco Cappuccio）發表評論稱：“這些結果并不意味著道路交通噪音和死亡、中風之間存在直接因果關系。不過，研究結果與其他能證明這種因果關系可能存在的證據具有一致性?！?/p>

'For instance, it has been well established that nocturnal traffic noise disrupts sleep quantity and quality. If sustained over time, these disturbances, like sleep deprivation, have been associated with a 12% increased risk of all-cause mortality, mainly due to a 15% increase in stroke events and high blood pressure. Public health policies must pay more attention to this emerging evidence.'
“比如，人們普遍認為，夜間交通噪音縮短睡眠時間，降低睡眠質量。長此以往，睡眠不足等問題會導致全死因死亡風險增加12%，而這主要是因為睡眠不足會導致中風、高血壓風險增加15%。公共衛生政策必須對這些新結果引起重視?！?/p>

Dr Tim Chico, consultant cardiologist at the University of Sheffield, said: ‘There may be other factors that link high noise areas with cardiovascular disease, and it is difficult to take all of these into account.
謝菲爾德大學的心臟病顧問專家蒂姆·奇科（Tim Chico）說：“也許有其他因素導致生活在高噪音區域的人有心血管疾病的風險，要把所有因素考慮在內有一定困難。”

Nevertheless, given what we know about traffic emissions increasing heart disease, we should remember that travelling by foot or bike is definitely healthier - both for you and for the people around you.’
盡管如此，鑒于我們知道機動車尾氣會增加心臟病患病風險，無論是為自己還是身邊的人著想，我們都應該記得，步行或騎車出行絕對更為健康。

Vocabulary
artery: 動脈
nocturnal: 夜間發生的
cardiovascular: 心血管的

英文來源：每日郵報
譯者：梁倩SCNU
審校&編輯：許晶晶