Liyuan was the earliest congregated housing available for rent in modern cities.

Most of the Liyuan were built between 1920 and 1930. According to statistics from Qingdao's social affairs bureau, in 1933 there were approximately 506 yards, 10,669 households and 16,701 rooms.

In addition, they were the earliest urban residential complexes in China.

The spacing system of the Liyuan blocks has played an important role in the lifestyle and social network of the local residents.

Liyuans have been home to Qingdao residents for generations, making them a spiritual symbol. Owing to its history and characteristics, Liyuan architecture has been designated as part of Qingdao's cultural heritage.

The early block formation as well as the urban planning characteristics are discussed in the memoir, so that readers can get a better understanding of the city's appearance during the German colonial period.

Siemsen's descendants also took part in the launching ceremony for the new book.

A special launching ceremony of Alfred Siemsen's Memoir is held on Oct 18 at the Qingdao Urban Construction Group. [Photo/chinadaily.com.cn]

Historical photographs of Liyuan-style buildings are revealed in Alfred Siemsen's Memoir. [Photo/news.bandao.cn]

An old photograph of Block XXVI from Alfred Siemsen's Memoir. [Photo/news.bandao.cn]