Denounce, condemn, deplore 單詞辨析

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Feifei: 大家好，歡迎收聽《你問我答》節目，我是馮菲菲。在這個節目中，我們會回答各位在英語學習中遇到的問題。如果你在英語學習中遇到任何難題都可以發郵件給我們。我們的電子郵箱是 questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk. 今天的問題來自北京的 Tom, 我們先來聽一下他的問題。

Question

I often see the three words 'denounce', 'condemn', 'deplore' in the news to express views about somebody or something. Could you tell me the difference between them and give me some good examples, so that I can understand them well. Thank you in advance!

Feifei: Tom 想請我們講解一下經常會在新聞報道中聽到的三個單詞 'denounce', 'condemn' 還有 'deplore' 的區別。雖然這三個詞都能表達比較消極的、否定的意思，但在具體的詞義和使用上還是有區別的。我們先來說說單詞 denounce, 它是個動詞，意思是公開指責、譴責。

Examples

Woman: Mr Hong said he had borrowed the bicycle, but nobody believed him, and his neighbours denounced him as a thief.

Man: Some critics have denounced the plans as dangerous.

Feifei: 動詞 denounce 用來表示指責的意思時可以指責一個人或物，但后面必須加賓語。比如說，洪先生的鄰居指責說他是一個小偷 his neighbours denounced him as a thief; 接下來我們來指責一個物 some critics have denounced the plans as dangerous, 這里指責的物就是一個 plan 計劃。那我們再來看看單詞 condemn 它的用法和 denounce 很相似，意思是譴責。比如在說上面舉到的例子，我們可以用單詞 condemn 來代替 denounce. 洪先生的鄰居可以 condemn him as a thief.

Examples

Woman: Mr Hong said he had borrowed the bicycle, but nobody believed him, and his neighbours condemned him as a thief.

Man: Most governments condemn the use of child soldiers.

Feifei: Condemn 可以和不定式 to 連用，表示對某人處以刑罰。比方說，某人可以被處以死刑。

Example

The murderers were condemned to death.

Feifei: 處以死刑 condemned to death. 我們還可以用 condemn to 來描述某人被迫接受困境或不愉快的處境。請聽下面的例子 – 這是一句格言，意思是“不吸取歷史教訓的人注定要重蹈覆轍”。

Example

Woman: Those who do not learn the lessons of history are condemned to repeat it.

Feifei: 最后我們來看動詞 deplore, 意思是譴責，強烈反對。我們常用 deplore 來譴責一種行為、行徑，而不用這個詞來譴責一個人。比如說，你可以 deplore an event or action 而不能 deplore a person.

Examples

Man: Most governments deplore the use of child soldiers.

Woman: The villagers deplored the theft of the bicycle.

Feifei: 今天我們講解了三個通常在新聞報道中可以用到的表達反對和譴責的詞。在結束今天節目之前，我們再來聽幾個例子。

Examples

Man: The organisers deplore the waste of food.

Woman: The team lost most of their games, and were condemned to play in the second division.

Man: The new policy has been denounced by almost everyone.

Woman: We condemn the attack as completely unacceptable.

Feifei: 希望今天的節目對 Tom 的英語學習有所幫助。感謝收聽，我們下次再會啦。

Goodbye!

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（來源：BBC英語教學 編輯：Julie）