中央文獻重要術語權威英譯-法治篇

黨的十八屆四中全會通過的《中共中央關于全面推進依法治國若干重大問題的決定》，是我們黨第一個系統闡述依法治國重大理念和舉措的綱領性文件，對于國際社會全面了解中國特色社會主義民主法治建設之路具有重要意義。

全會文件內容豐富、政治性強、專業性強，涉及大量法律術語和中國特色表述。本期發布的22條術語來自十八屆四中全會兩個重要文件：《中共中央關于全面推進依法治國若干重大問題的決定》和習近平總書記《關于<中共中央關于全面推進依法治國若干重大問題的決定>的說明》。

在選擇術語時，我們緊扣全面推進依法治國這一主題，挑選了反映中國共產黨和中國政府依法治國理念和舉措的術語，既有宏觀性概念，比如“社會主義法治國家”；也有具體施政策略的表述，比如“法治國家、法治政府、法治社會一體建設”；也有專業性概念，比如“人民陪審員制度”。

社會主義法治國家
socialist rule of law country;
socialist country built on the rule of law

建設法治中國
build a rule of law China

依法治國
law-based governance of the country

依法執政
law-based exercise of state power

依法行政
law-based administration of government

依憲治國
governance of the country on the basis of its constitution

憲法日
Constitution Day

法律是治國之重器，良法是善治之前提
The law is of great value in the governance of a country, and good laws are a prerequisite for good governance.

法治體系
rule of law system

于法有據
have a legal basis

【例】重大改革于法有據
All of our major reforms should have a legal basis.

法治國家、法治政府、法治社會一體建設
a holistic approach to strengthening the rule of law in the country, in its government, and in society

有法可依，有法必依，執法必嚴，違法必究
ensure that laws are put in place, observed, and strictly enforced and that anyone who violates the law is held to account

科學立法、嚴格執法、公正司法、全民守法
take a well-conceived approach to law-making, and ensure that law is strictly enforced, justice is administered impartially, and the law is observed by all

職能科學、權責法定、執法嚴明、公開公正、廉潔高效、守法誠信的法治政府
a rule of law government which has well-conceived functions and statutorily defined powers and responsibilities; which strictly enforces the law and is impartial; and which operates in an open, clean, and efficient way, with strong credibility

執法責任制
accountability system for law enforcement

人民陪審員制度
system of people’s assessors

重大決策終身責任追究制度
system of lifelong accountability for major decisions

重大決策責任倒查機制
mechanism for retroactive investigation into accountability for major decisions

政府權力清單
list of government powers

依法治國和以德治國相結合
combine the rule of law with the rule of virtue

天下之事，不難于立法，而難于法之必行
In the governance of a country, it is the enforcement, not the enactment, of law that presents the greatest challenge.

法立，有犯而必施；令出，唯行而不返
Once enacted, a law must be enforced and anyone who violates it must be held to account.

（來源：中央編譯局，編輯：Helen）